Jaiz, Taj, Lotus Bank Recapitalisation to Drive Islamic Finance Growth
The decision to double capital base of Nigeria Islamic lenders: Jaiz bank plc, Taj Bank and Lotus Bank Limited are expected to support industry growth in the coming years, according to Fitch Ratings note.
The global rating agency expects the Islamic finance sector in Nigeria to continue growing over 2024–2025, driven by the anticipated increase in equity issuance for Islamic banks to comply with the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) significantly increased paid-in capital requirements.
While Islamic banks’ lower capital requirements compared to conventional banks could provide an advantage, with lower barriers to entry, Fitch expects their market share to remain below 2% as conventional banks are likely to grow faster.
The CBN announced in March 2024 that Islamic (non-interest) banks, commercial banks, and merchant banks must meet significantly higher paid-in capital requirements by end-1Q26.
This follows the sharp devaluation of the Nigerian naira since May 2023, which has depressed banking capital ratios and heightened credit concentration risks.
The Islamic finance industry in Nigeria is estimated at USD3.8 billion at end-2023. It is predominantly sukuk, at 59.3% of the total industry value, followed by non-interest banks (39.8%), and Islamic funds and takaful (together 0.9%).
However, long-standing challenges include gaps in the distribution network compared to conventional banks, a smaller, but growing, capital base, low public awareness and demand for Islamic products, and segments of the public strongly opposing Islamic finance.
The minimum capital requirement for non-interest national banks has doubled, to N20 billion. However, commercial and merchant banks are subject to even greater capital thresholds, with commercial national banks needing N200 billion, up from N25 billion, and merchant banks requiring N50 billion, up from N15 billion.
No Fitch-rated banks met the new requirements as of April 2024. Jaiz Bank PLC recently signed a memorandum of understanding with the Islamic Corporation for the Development of the Private Sector (ICD).
The parties agreed to explore investment opportunities through the introduction of additional Tier 1 capital (mudarabah capital) for the business growth of Jaiz Bank PLC, and its regional expansion through ICD’s partnership and networks.
Taj Bank and Lotus Bank (both unrated) must also comply with a N20 billion minimum paid-in capital requirement. At end-2022, the capital gap was N6 billion (around USD5 million using the current exchange rate) for each bank. Four non-interest banks operate in Nigeria, while an additional two banks operate Islamic windows.
Non-interest banks’ total assets (end-2023: 1.1%), deposits (1.3%) and financing (1.0%) are a small proportion of the total banking industry.
However, there is significant potential for growth in Nigeria’s Islamic finance industry, underscored by Nigeria having the largest Muslim population (53% of total population in Nigeria) in Africa, and by over a fifth of the Nigerian population being unbanked.
This emphasises the potential for Islamic finance to cover the financial inclusion gap. Islamic banking in Nigeria is supported by less stringent prudential regulations than for conventional banks, with Islamic banks having a lower liquidity ratio requirement set by the CBN.
Furthermore, Islamic banks have a 50% ‘alpha factor’, which effectively reduces the amount of risk-weighted assets, a benefit not extended to conventional banks.
Those regulatory reliefs could enhance the capital ratios of Islamic banks, facilitating their ability to expand their market presence without being constrained by capital requirements as for conventional banks.
The government continued to issue domestic sukuk in 2023. However, its sukuk market is still relatively underdeveloped. Total outstanding sukuk reached USD2.3 billion at end-1Q24, or 2% of the Nigerian debt capital market.
While Nigeria’s sukuk market is small domestically, it is the largest in Africa, with 42% of the continent’s sukuk, followed by Egypt (29%) and South Africa (20%).
The CBN released new corporate governance guidelines for various banking sectors in 2023, with specific provisions for non-interest banks, including the requirement of having an internal sharia audit function. FGN Bond Yield Rises to 18.75% Ahead of Inflation
